What word means a change to the Constitution?

The word that means a change to the Constitution, on the USCIS reading vocabulary list, is Amendment. An amendment is a formal alteration to the text of the Constitution, and the procedure for amending the document is set out in Article V.

There are two ways to propose an amendment: by a two-thirds vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate, or by a constitutional convention called by two-thirds of state legislatures (34 of 50 states), although the convention method has never been used. There are two ways to ratify an amendment: by the legislatures of three-fourths of the states (38 of 50), or by ratifying conventions in three-fourths of the states. The legislative method has been used for every amendment except the Twenty-First, which repealed Prohibition and was ratified by state conventions.

The Constitution has been amended 27 times. The first ten amendments, ratified together in 1791, are collectively known as the Bill of Rights. Subsequent amendments have abolished slavery (the Thirteenth, 1865), guaranteed equal protection and due process under state law (the Fourteenth, 1868), extended voting rights to people of all races (the Fifteenth, 1870), authorized the federal income tax (the Sixteenth, 1913), provided for direct election of senators (the Seventeenth, 1913), prohibited and then restored the sale of alcohol (the Eighteenth, 1919, and the Twenty-First, 1933), extended voting rights to women (the Nineteenth, 1920), abolished the poll tax (the Twenty-Fourth, 1964), and lowered the voting age to 18 (the Twenty-Sixth, 1971). The most recent amendment, the Twenty-Seventh, ratified in 1992, prohibits any increase in congressional pay from taking effect until the next election.

On the reading test Amendment may appear in a sentence about the Bill of Rights or the right to vote.